Varicose veins: punca

Varicose veins are one of the oldest human diseases, there are references to this disease in the works of Hippocrates, Avicenna and other founders of medicine. Expansion of the venous tract can occur in various parts of the body and organs that have wide veins. The most common location is the foot, although it can also form on the stomach, testicles, and esophagus. To study the origins of this disease, we first consider the causes of varicose veins.

General information on varicose veins in the lower legs

Varicose veins occur due to the development of irreversible pathology in the veins.The problem is provoked by changes in the operation of the valves responsible for blood circulation in the body, especially in the lower legs.

Normal operation of the valve implies, at the moment of relaxation or contraction of the muscle fibers, the movement of blood supporting the structure. It is characteristic of the disease that the valve is no longer closed, the outflow of blood is reduced, so the veins expand.

With varicose veins, the walls of the blood vessels become thinner and weaker. The main problem is the lack of reversibility of the process, that is, even after the restoration of blood circulation, the wall does not return to its original position.

Particular attention is given to this disease because of its widespread distribution, as 1 in 10 men and 1 in 3 women develop varicose veins in their 30s and 40s. The highest prevalence of the disease in Europe - up to 40% of the population, the lowest in Asia and Africa - about 0. 1%.

The leading cause of varicose veins in men and women

The causes of the development of this disease are very versatile and at first glance unrelated, but these causes are confirmed by research and are considered reliable. There are 6 main criteria for predisposition to varicose veins, which we will consider in detail.

There are also additional, less important reasons:

1. Reduces immunity;
2. Injuries to organs or lower limbs;
3. Gender plays a fairly important role, as evidenced by statistics - women are 3 times more likely to get sick.

hereditary tendencies

The cause of varicose veins should first be considered from a genetic point of view, as this cause is one -third of all patients.If the family has relatives who are susceptible to the disease, then the risk of manifestation in the offspring increases to 70%.The reason is not so much in familial diseases, as in pathological changes in the structure of blood vessels, embedded in genes. Usually noted:

• Insufficient valves, damage in their work;
• Connective tissue is present in the vein wall, most likely it is underdeveloped.

For this reason, the disease can be found not only in adults, but also in girls and young men, as well as children. In men, genetic predisposition causes the disease to be less frequent.

Hormones

The reasons for the development of varicose veins are various, but among all the diversity, hormonal imbalances occupy a large part. The cause of varicose veins in the legs in women is indicated mainly when:

1. Pregnancy, childbirth;
2. During menstruation or any failure in it;
3. climacteric stage;
4. The use of drugs that affect the hormonal background of the body, especially with overdose.

In men, testosterone is considered a sex hormone, and in women, progesterone, the latter tends to have a negative effect on the walls of blood vessels, causing collagen deficiency. Eventually, its tone and elasticity decrease and the risk of varicose veins increases many times over.

The inflammatory process

An important prerequisite for this disease is inflammation, especially of the organs located in the pelvis.Also, when the inflammatory process touches a small vein, an increase in pressure is produced in a broad way. When communication between arteries and veins, an increase in pressure is created, which causes the function of the valve to be impaired. Due to the high pressure, the veins expand, the valve is unable to withstand the reverse flow, which gives rise to the formation of knots.

nerves

The tone in the vessel is controlled by the nerve endings. With the negative impact on the nervous system from external factors, psycho-emotional state, the nervous center may not fully adjust the valve. After that, the tone decreases, and the number of vessels increases.

Sedentary lifestyle

This is the cause of varicose veins that is becoming more prevalent, some call it "computer". Muscle fibers contract and trigger an upward discharge of blood, which is essential for normal blood circulation. In the sitting position, this does not happen, the metabolic rate decreases, respectively, the vessels enlarge. Also, the sitting position causes blockage of some veins.

When sitting, a person is in a slightly bent position, which causes high pressure in the abdominal area. Instead, from there, blood with great pressure goes to the legs and valve operation is irregular. Especially true for constipation, coughing, sneezing.

Physical training

Strong loads on the physical plane lead to an increase in pressure in the vessel.Most of the problems are not in hard work, but in static loads, although heavy load transfer often causes varicose veins.The main reasons are:

1. overweight;
2. Pregnancy and childbirth;
3. Movement with weight;
4. Prolonged standing.

Treatment

Varicose veins in the legs should be treated, and in a timely manner, then it is possible to reduce the risk of severity of the condition and minimize the manifestations of the disease as much as possible.Treatment at an early stage occurs through the use of local remedies, after which, in the absence of therapy, surgical intervention may be required.

The causes of leg varicose veins and their elimination are considered comprehensively, based on the type of occurrence and stage of disease development. You can determine the best treatment options with the help of a specialist who will indicate the appropriate options, but there are no special contraindications to the drug.

Creams and ointments

The advantage of using the cream is its ease of use and its effect is only on the affected part of the body, and not on the whole body. The ointment helps relieve pain, normalizes muscle condition and prevents degenerative processes in the bloodstream.

The causes of varicose veins in women are often hormonal, while the cream acts locally, from the outside, so it is possible to achieve:

1. Proper level of skin nutrition, it becomes more beautiful and healthy in appearance;
2. Creating barriers in the development of trophic formation, abnormalities in metabolism;
3. Venous disease ceases to develop, as blood circulation comes in order;
4. If varicose veins are accompanied by swelling, then the cream can get rid of them.

Medications

The cause of varicose veins on the legs is most often internal, so you need to deal with it from within or in a complex way.

Drugs come in various types of effects on the course of the disease, mainly the following groups are distinguished:

1. Phlebotonics - the main effect is to restore tone to the walls of blood vessels. It is considered the main group of prescribed drugs;
2. Anticoagulants - prevent congestion in the blood;
3. Decongestant;
4. Disaggregants - reduce the ability of blood to form blood clots.

Surgery

Varicose veins on the legs and other parts of the body have a variety of causes, but regardless of them, the disease tends to progress. There are certain aspects, if the disease has spread beyond them, then conservative treatment rarely has a positive effect. In severe cases, you will need to use surgical intervention.

Today, there are various methods of surgery: laser, radiofrequency, miniphlebectomy, etc. In general, it is possible to restore health to the feet or prevent the formation of foot disease.

Welding

The causes of varicose veins are different, and thus the form of the disease is also different. It is generally accepted to distinguish several forms and 4 degrees of the disease:

1. Descending form - the spread of the disease starts from the top and gradually descends along the femoral vein, starting from the mouth;
2. Ascending form - when the symptoms start initially from the feet and gradually move upwards, the reason is a problem with the valve.

The severity of the disease is conditionally divided into 4 categories:

• 0 - the disease is at a stage when the diagnosis does not determine the pathology;
• I - a slight swelling appears, it may feel like a heavy leg or "spider vein";
• II - increased edema, especially in the evening, skin discoloration somewhat, eczema;
• III - trophic ulcers, they may not be regenerated.

Dangers and complications

The cause of varicose veins can be individual, which cannot be completely cured, but therapy still needs to be carried out.. The main risk from this disease is complications from varicose veins. Dangerous side effects:

1. Trophic ulcers;
2. Inflammation, especially of the erysipelatous type;
3. Thrombophlebitis - increases the risk of blood clots.

Symptoms of varicose veins

Symptoms of the disease sometimes appear, sometimes weakening somewhat, but it is necessary to treat varicose veins in any case, without waiting for acute manifestations. You can recognize the disease by the characteristic symptoms:

1. Weight in the legs, increased fatigue, especially often shown in the evening;
2. The color of the veins becomes bluish and somewhat bulging. Characteristic manifestation when, when the limb is raised, everything returns to normal;
3. Over time, small nodules or conglomerates may appear;
4. Swelling in the feet, ankles, dry bones, feet appear broken, seizures often appear;
5. With the progression of the disease, dry skin is observed, and seals with a dark color are also formed;
6. Trophic ulcers.

At what stage should you see a doctor?

Treatment of female or male varicose veins should be started as soon as possible.Usually patients do not pay attention to the main manifestations, but they should not be ignored.

You should contact a phlebologist immediately after detecting the main symptoms of the disease - a feeling of fatigue and increased weight of the legs, as well as changes in skin color, swelling, etc. To determine the cause of the disease, they often turn to other specialists: general practitioners, gynecologists and neurologists.

Diagnosis of the disease

Diagnosis can only be made on the basis of a comprehensive diagnosis:

1. Complete blood count - check the level of blood clotting and the presence of inflammation;
2. Ultrasound examination - detects the affected vessel;
3. Rheovasography - determination of the level of tissue nutrition, used to determine the level of varicose veins;
4. Phlebography - contrast agents are used to study the patency of veins;
5. Physiological test - valve function is checked.

Forecasting and preventive measures

Varicose veins are among the irreversible processes, so full recovery is almost impossible.With timely visits to the doctor, proper diagnosis, preventive measures and treatment, it is quite possible to eliminate the symptoms.

Prevention is fairly standard:

1. Healthy lifestyle;
2. Nutritious food;
3. Elimination of bad habits;
4. If you are in one position for a long time, do not cross your legs;
5. Do exercise, warm up;
6. Use the services of a massage therapist on a regular basis;
7. Wear comfortable clothing as often as possible.

Many no longer pay due attention to the disease, although such negligence can affect the health of the whole organism. To prevent the development of varicose veins, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of the doctor at all stages and carry out prevention.